The Basca House, designed by RMK Arquitetura and completed in 2025, represents a thoughtful approach to residential architecture that responds intelligently to Brazil's challenging climate conditions. Located on a corner lot spanning 900 square meters in Pelotas, Brazil, this 592-square-meter residence demonstrates how strategic design choices can optimize both comfort and energy efficiency while maintaining aesthetic appeal.
The residence features an innovative entrance design that sets it apart from conventional residential layouts. Rather than placing the main access through the front facade, the architects positioned it through the side facade, creating a transverse circulation pattern throughout the home. This unique approach allows the spatial program to be distributed across both main facades of the building, maximizing the use of the corner lot and creating distinct zones based on orientation and function.
The north-facing facade serves as the home's primary interface with natural light and prevailing winds. Designed with maximum permeability and transparency, this elevation houses the main living areas and bedrooms, taking full advantage of Brazil's abundant sunlight and the region's beneficial summer breezes. The strategic orientation promotes natural ventilation throughout the residence, reducing the need for mechanical cooling systems and contributing to overall energy efficiency.
To address the intense Brazilian sun, the architects incorporated carefully designed solar protection elements including strategic eaves and pergolas. These features are precisely calculated to minimize excessive thermal gain during the hot summer months while still allowing beneficial sunlight penetration during cooler winter periods. This thoughtful balance demonstrates the architects' deep understanding of local climate patterns and their commitment to year-round comfort.
In stark contrast to the transparent north facade, the south-facing elevation presents a solid, protective barrier against harsh weather conditions. Characterized by its opacity and composed of substantial volumes with minimal openings, this facade incorporates natural materials including stone, exposed concrete, and wooden surfaces. These elements work together to create effective thermal barriers, contributing to the building's insulation properties and heat retention capabilities during cooler periods.
The structural system employs modern metal framework construction, which enables larger spans between supports and creates more flexible interior spaces. This approach promotes fluid spatial relationships throughout the residence while facilitating greater integration between indoor and outdoor living areas. The metal structure also allows for future modifications and adaptations as the family's needs evolve over time.
Lead architect Otávio Zanotta Riemke of RMK Arquitetura has created a residence that serves as a model for climate-responsive design in Brazil. The project, documented by photographer Lucas Daneris, showcases how contemporary residential architecture can successfully balance environmental considerations with modern living requirements. The Basca House stands as a testament to the possibility of creating comfortable, sustainable homes that work harmoniously with their natural environment rather than fighting against it.
